Up the Yangtze tells the story of the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River in China, the largest hydroelectric dam project ever constructed at the time. The dam would displace over one million people as cities, towns, and villages, including homes, would be submerged underwater upon its completion, all in an effort to satisfy the growing demand for energy.
In many respects, the dam would change the face of China, both for good and bad. The negative impacts include the loss of tradition and culture. During one of the dam's mid-phase construction stages, the impoverished Yu family is followed, serving as a microcosm of the overall effects of the dam on the Chinese way of life.
Despite the central government providing relocation funds to citizens, most of the funds would be siphoned off by corrupt government officials at every level before reaching families like the Yus. This forces the Yus to figure out their relocation on their own, as they simply want a plot of arable land near the river to farm.
Simultaneously, the Yus' sixteen-year-old daughter, Shui Yu, who dreams of attending high school (but lacks the necessary funds), is sent to work on a river cruise ship catering to western tourists. Many of Shui Yu's colleagues on the ship are also unaware of the outside world, as they are taught to present the best face of China to tourists, often having to learn English to do so.